Wrench.



A. IVICLEAN.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 22. |915.

l19157 v Y Patented Aug. 17, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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ARTHR MCLEAN, OF SEATTLE, WASHINGTON.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Ang. T7, 1915.

Application filed April 22, 1915. Serial No. 22,986.

T0 all whom it may concern Be it known that ARTHUR MCLEAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Seattle, in the county of King and State of lVashington, have invented a new and useful Improvement in lVrenches, of which the following is a specification. y

l My invention is an improvement in wrenches, and has for its object to provide a tool of the character specified especially adapted for placing or removing threaded flanges` on pipes wherein the wrench is so arrangedthat it may be rigidly connectedsectional views .through the ratchet rings,

showing the parts in different positions, and

Fig. 6 isa perspective view of one of theeonnecting bolts.

The present embodiment of the invention' comprises a pair ofconcentric ratchet rings 1 and 2, the ring 2 being arranged within the ring 1, and the rings are of such relative size that there will be an annular space between the rings. The innerv ring 2 has a central hub 3, and pairs of radial bars 4 and 5 extend radially from the hub to the inner surface of the ring.l The bars 4 are similar to the bars 5, and the said bars 4 and 5 may be considered as continuous and arranged diainetrically of the ring.

Braces G are arranged between the outer faces ofthe bars of the pairs and the ring,

the braces 6 'at each side of the bars 4 and 5 5to the teeth ofthe ring 1.

It will be noticed from an inspection of Fig. 2 that the ring 2 is of greater depth or thickness than the ring 1, and When the lower edges of the rings are arranged flush witheach other, the teeth 81 of the ring 2 will extend above the teeth 7 of the ring 1.

The ring is provided on its periphery with a rib 9, to be later described, which bears against the inner face of the ring 1, and a` set screw 10 is threaded through the ring 1, the said set screw engaging the periphery of the ring 2.

The hub 3 is recessed on its under side as indicated at.11, and a bolt 12 is passed through the hub at the center thereof, the said bolt being also at the center of the recess, and the recess is axial with-respect to the hub and the ring. That portion of the bolt 12 adjacent tothe head is polygonal as shown at 13, and the end of the bolt is threaded.

A follower 14 is arranged on. the bolt, the

interior of the follower being shaped to fit The follower is of4 the exterior of the bolt. such size as will litloosely in the recess 11, extending however, from near the inner end of the recess to thel head of the bolt 12. It will be noted that internally the follower is shaped to fit the polygonal portion, and a lcoil spring 17 is arranged within the recess outside of the follower, the spring bearing at its inner ends against the bottom of the recess and at its outer end against the head 15 of the follower or sleeve 14.

The bolt is passed from within upward, that is,I the head of the bolt is at the lower end of the'follower and the upper'end of the boltrextends above the hub, passing through the pawl arm 19 to be later described, and abovethe arm the holt is engaged by av nut 18 to hold the parts in place.

. The pawl arm 19 is mounted on the bolt,

arm has a central 'hub 20, which engages 'the bolt. The arm extends diametrically of the ring, and washers are arranged between the nut 1S and the pawl armand between Y the head` of the bolt and the lower end of the sleeve 14. rl`he pawl arm is provided with pawls 21 for engaging the teeth 7 of the ring 1 and with pawls 22 for engaging the teeth of the ring 2, and the pawls 22 are oppositely arranged with respect to the pawls 21. ylhe pawls 21 and 22 are so arranged that when'the pawl arm is oscillated in one direction the ring lwill be moved angularly, while when the arm is oscillated in the opposite direction the` ring 2 will be moved angularly.

Thebars 4 and 5 form guide ways evt-end` ing radially of the wrench, and a bolt is arranged in each guide way. yEach bolt comprises a polygonal portion 23 fitting be;-

tween the bars 4 or 5, 'asthe case may be, Va

head 24 rigid with the bolt and extending at opposite sides to the outer face of lthe bars 4--5, and a threaded portion 2.6 on the opposite side'of the polygonal portion from the head.'

The polygonal portion is of such length that the lower end thereof will be flush with the lower side edges of the bars 4 or 5, and a nut 27 is threaded on to each bolt, a washer 28 being arranged on the inner side of the 4 face in the opposite direction to the teeth nut. The upper edges of the bars 4 and have ratchet teeth as shown, and it\ will be noticed that the teeth of the'bars 4 face out wardly from the bolt 12, as do also the teeth ofthe bars 5, that is, the teeth of the bars of the bars 5. The under faces of the heads '24 of the bolt's'23-24--26 are also provided with teeth for cooperating with the teeth l vof the bars. j

' It will be 4noticedthat the teeth of the bars of each'pair 4 and 5 yare inclined in oppositedirections. The teeth of each bar incline outwardly, the inner end of the tooth being nearer the center of the wrench than the wrench to the flange.

the outer end, .and the teeth of the heads 24- of the bolts are similarly arranged, that is, the said teeth are shaped to fit the teeth of the'bars. The heads 24 of the bolts are below the level of the teeth of the rings, so that the said heads do not interfere with the movement of the arms 19. One end of the arm 19V is rovided with a socket l25, and the socket is esigned to receive an operat ing handle 29. This handle has a radial pin through openings 35 in the flange, and the nuts 27 are then turned into place to elamp The bolts 23- 24-26 are adjustable toward andifrom each other, to rovide for flanges and pipe of vdifferent size, and the toothed engagement of the heads 'of the bolts with the upper edges of the barsiprevents displacement of the bolts during the placing of the wrenchor during the operation of the same. The

bolts'beingV square' in the guideways, that is, being shaped to fit the uide ways, are held from turning whlet e nuts 27 are screwed into place.

In order to permit the teeth of either ring to be engaged by the pawls pertaining thereto, mechanism is provided for permitting the rings to be shifted'a'xially with respect to each other. It will be noted from an inspection of Fig. 3 that thev outer surfaceor periphery of the ring 2 is recessed. Each of the recesses comprises a portion 36, .extending from the bottom edge of the -ring upwardly to about two-thirds the heightI of the ring, and parallel extensions 37 and 38 lead ofll from the portion 36 of each recess in the same direction. EachV recess 36 eX- tends from the bottom of the ring through the rib 9, as shown in Fig. 3, and at each of the said recesses 36-37-38, the ring 1 is provided with lan inwardly extending lug or tongue 39 for engaging the recesses.

It will be understood that as a rule three f recesses 36-37--38 are provided,and three tongues 39, the tongues and the recesses bel ing spaced apart at equal distances with re` spect to each other. When the ring 2 is turned angularly with' respect tothe ring 1 to bring the lugs or tongues l39 into register with the lower end of the recesses 36,

1.' When the tongues are in engagement with the recesses 37 the teeth 8 of the ring 2 are at a higher level than the'teetli 7 i ofthe ring 1. When however, the tongues 39 are in engagement with the recesses 38, lthe ring 1 has its teeth at a those o' the. ring 2.

The set screws 10 by their engagement with the ribs 9 limitvthe movement of the rings with respect to each other axially in one direction. i When the wrench has been placed on the pipe as above described, with the rings 1 and 2 ladjusted properly, so that the pawls of the ring which it is desired to turn may engage with the teeth of the ring the wrench is ready for operation. The

outer ring 1 may be adjusted with vrespectto the ring 2 after the ring 2 has been secured to the flange,- if desired, as it is yonly necessary to -loosen the set screws 10 `and turn the ring 1 until the tongues 39 register withl the recesses 36. When it is desired t@ turn aflange on to the pipe, the ring 2 is so higher level than placed with respect to the ring 1 that the teeth 8 are accessible to thepawls 22'. vThe flange is now placed in position onthe pipe, it being understood that the set screws 10 have been retightened and that the bolts 23-24-26 have been connected to the flange. The pawlarm is now vibiated on 'the bolt 12 to drive the ring 2 forwardly,

andsince this ring'is rigidly secured yto the flange the flange will be turned on tothe pipe. The pawl arm may be rotated or vibrated, moving the ring 2 forwardly on its forward stroke, while the pawls 22 slip idly over the teeth on the reverse stroke. yielding arrangement of the bolt- 12 permits the pawl arm to yield upwardly during thel reverse movement. When it is desired tore- The -l move a flange the ring 1 is raised with respect to the ring Q, by looseningthe set screws l0 as above mentioned, and the tongues 39 are engaged with the portions 38 of the recesses 36.

The set screws 10 are tightened, and by means of the bolts 24-25-26 the wrench is rigidly secured to the flange, which is in place on the pipe. Now the pawl arm is vi brated to move the ring l rearwardly. On the reverse movement of the pawl arm the pawls 21 slip idly over the teeth but on the forward movement of the said arms the pawls engage the teeth, reversing the direction of turning of the flange and finally loosening the same. Preferably the ring l is provided with small depressionsor the like in its under side edge forI engagement by the ingers to move the ring axially with respect to the ring 2. y

It will be noted that the ring 2 fits snugly within the ring l, in orde-r that each ring will reinforce the other, and will thus prevent' springing of the rings, enabling the wrench to bemade lighter in weight. The only purpose of the set screw l0 is to cause sufficient friction to hold the working ring on the back stroke of the pawl arm, thus preventing any lost motion between the rings. The set screw also prevents disengagement of the rings when they are not in use, holding them together during transportation and the like.

lVhen it is desired to shift the rings with respect to each other the set screw must be loosened and the bolt must also be loosened by turning the nut 1S. For this reason the nut is at the top, or outside of the pipe to permit free access thereto.

It will be noted that in practice the socket 25 is turned just opposite to what it is shown in Fig. 1, that is, the slot 31 is on the under side of the socket as isalso the pin 31 to prevent the pin working out' of the socket.

l claim:-

l. A, wrench comprising a pair of concentric ratchet rings, said rings having ratchet teeth on their upper edges and the teeth of one ring facing in the opposite direction to those of the other ring, the inner ring having a hub and having oppositely arranged alined radial guide ways, bolts movable in the guide ways for rigidly connecting the rings to the flange of a pipe, the heads of the bolts extending beyond the giiide, .\vays at eachl side of the bolt and the said heads and upper edges of the guide ways having interengaging teeth for preventing movement-of the bolts in the guide ways, apawl arm eX- tending diametrically of the rings and having a pair of pawls for the teeth of each ring and arranged to engage the t'eeth of the ring at diametrically opposite points, a yielding mounting for the arm for permit ting the arm to move upward, andv means in adjusted position, said means comprising inwardly extending tongues on the outer ring,

and recesses' t the tongues on the inner ring, each recess extending from the lower edge of the 'ring to near the top thereof and having a pair of parallel, lateral extensions for engagement by the adjacent tongue to hold either ring with its teeth ati`v` a higher level than those of the other ring, and means for rigidly connecting the rings to prevent angularmovement with respect to each other.

2, A wrench comprising a pair of concentric ratchet rings, said rings having ratchet teeth on their upper edges and the teeth of one ring facing in the opposite direction to those of the other ring, the inner ring having a hub and having oppositely arranged alined radial guide ways, bolts movable inl the guide ways for rigidly connecting the -rings to the flange of a pipe, the heads of the bolts extending beyond the guide Ways at eachl side of the bolt and the said head and upper edges of the guide ways having intel-engaging teeth for preventing movement of the bolts radially of the guide ways, a pawl arm extending diametricallyv of the rings and having a pair of pawls for the teeth of each ring and ar anged to engage the teeth of the ring at diametrically opposite points, a yielding mounting for the arm for permitting the arm to move upward, 100 and means in connection with the rings for' permitting them to be moved axially with respect to each other to bring either set of teeth into operative position, and to hold the rings in adjusted position.

8. A wrench, comprising a pair of concentric ratchet rings, said rings having ratchet teeth on their upper edges and the teeth of one ring facing in the opposite direction to those of the other ring, the inner ring having a hub and having oppositely ar? ranged alined radial guide ways. bolts movable in the guide ways for rigidly conn-ect- Y ing the rings to the flange of a pipe, a pawl. arm extending diainetrically of the rings and having a pair of pawls for the teeth of each ring and arranged to engage the teeth of the ring at diametrically opposite points,

a yielding mounting for the arm for permitting th'e arln to move upward, and means 120 in connection with the ring for permitting them to be'moved axially with respect to each other to bring either set of teeth into operative position, and to hold the' rings in adjusted position, said means comprising a 1,25 series of inwardly extending radial tongues on the outer ring, and recesses on the inner ring for engagment by the tongues, each recess extending from the lower edge of the ring to near the top thereof and having a pair of lateral approximately parallel extensions foi` engagement by the adjacent tongue to hold the rings in adjusted position.

4. A wrench comprising a pair of concentric ratchet rings, said rings having ratchet teeth on their upper edges' and the teeth of one ring facing in the opposite direction to those ot the other ring, the-inner ring having a hub and having oppositely arranged alined radial guide ways, bolts movable in the guide ways for rigidly connecting the rings to the flange of a pipe, a pawl arm extending diametrically of the. rings and having aI pair of pawls for the teeth ofeach ring and arranged to engage the teeth of the ringl at diametrical'ly opposite points, a yielding mounting for the arm for permitting the arm to move upward, and means in connection With the rings for pern'iitting them to be moved axially withresp'ectto each other to' bring either set of teeth into operative position, and to hold 'the rings in adjusted position.'

5. A wrench comprising a pair of concentric rings, each ring having ratchet teeth on its iippe'r edge and the teeth facing in opposite directions, the inner ring having a hub', a pawl aiin extending diametiically of the rings and pivotally connected to the hubto yield upward with respect thereto,

' Asaid pawl arms having a pair of pawls for engaging the teeth ot each ring, and the members of each pair being at diainetrically opposite points on the ring, means for permitting the rings to beinoved axially with respect to each other to bring the teeth of either ring out of engaging position with its pawls and for holding the rings rigidly in adjusted position, and means for rigidly securing the inner ring to a flange, said means comprising radial guide ways extending from the. hub in opposite directions and in alinement, a bolt engaging ,each guide way, each bolt having a polygonal portion at the guide way for preventing rotation of the bolt, and the lower end of the bolt being adaptedto pass through an opening in the lange,the head of each -bolt extending above the side edges of the guide way on each side of the bolt, each head and the upper edges of the guide ways having interengaging means for preventing movement of the bolt in the guide way.

6.. A wrench comprising a pair of concentric rings, each ring having ratchet teeth on its upper edge 'and the teeth facing in opposite directions, the inner ring having a hub, a pawl arm extending diainetrically of the rings' and pivotally connected to the hub to -yield upward with respect thereto, said pawl arms having a pair of'pawls tor engaging the teeth of each ring, and the members of each pair being at dianietrical opposite points on the ring, means for permitting the rings to be moved axially with respect to eah other to bring the teeth ot' either ring out of engaging position with its pawls and for holding the rings rigidly in adjusted position, and means for rigidly securing the inner rings to a flange.

7. A wrench comprising a pair of concentric ratchet rings, tlie rings having teeth on their Iupper Aedges and the teeth of one ring facing in the opposite direction to the teeth of the other ring, means in connection with the rings for securing them to the flange oit' a pipe, a common pawl arm joui# naled concentric with the rings intermediate the ends of the arm and having pawls for engaging the rings, and means in connection with the ringsforpermitting them to be moyed axially with respect to each other to bring the teeth of either ring .into operative position and for holding the said rings in adjusted position. I S. A wrench comprising a. pair of concentric ratchet rings, the teeth of the rings facing in opposite directions and'being on the upper edges thereof, means in connection with the rings for securing them to the flange of a pipe, a pawl arm journaled concentric with the rings and havingia pawl for engaging each ring, and means in connection with the rings for permitting them to FRANK E. GREEN, J. BALL.'

Copies of this patent may be obtained for iive cents each, by addressing the Commissioner oi? Patents. Washington, D. G. 

